When it comes to Cocker Spaniels, two distinct breeds often come to mind: the English Cocker Spaniel and the American Cocker Spaniel. These charming canines may share a common ancestry, but they have evolved into separate breeds with unique characteristics, temperaments, and purposes. In this article, we’ll delve into some of the key differences between English Cocker Spaniels and American Cocker Spaniels, helping you make an informed choice if you’re considering bringing one of these adorable companions into your life.
Physical Characteristics
English Cocker Spaniels
Size: English Cocker Spaniels are typically larger than their American counterparts, with males standing around 16-17 inches (38-43 cm) at the shoulder and females slightly smaller at 15-16 inches (36-41 cm).
Coat: Their coat is medium-length and silky, often with feathering on the ears, legs, and tail. They come in a wide variety of colors, including solid, parti-color, and roan.
Eyes: English Cockers usually have large, expressive, and dark eyes that give them an endearing and soulful appearance.
Ears: Their ears are long and lobular, set low on the head and covered in fine, silky hair.
Tail: The tail of an English Cocker is traditionally docked in some regions, but it’s increasingly left natural, showcasing a moderately feathered plume.
American Cocker Spaniels
Size: American Cocker Spaniels are smaller, standing at approximately 13 1/2-151/2 inches (33-38 cm) at the shoulder, regardless of gender.
Coat: These dogs have a lush, wavy coat that’s often longer and more prone to matting compared to their English counterparts. The coat can be seen in various colors, including solid, parti-color, and merle. It must be noted that the merle coloring is a disqualification at show.
Eyes: American Cockers have rounded, expressive eyes that come in various colors, matching their coat.
Ears: Their ears are distinctively long, set high on the head, and heavily feathered.
Tail: American Cocker Spaniels have a docked tail per breed standard although many are choosing to leave them with their naturally long tail that’s carried with a cheerful, upward curve.
Temperament
English Cocker Spaniels
Temperament: English Cockers are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and affectionate nature. They are generally confident and social dogs that enjoy the company of their family.
Energy Level: These dogs are quite energetic and thrive on regular exercise and mental stimulation. They are often considered excellent hunting companions.
Trainability: English Cockers are intelligent and eager to please, making them relatively easy to train. However, they can have a stubborn streak at times.
Socialization: They tend to be friendly with other dogs and people, but early socialization is essential to ensure they grow up well-adjusted and well-mannered.
Purpose: Historically, English Cocker Spaniels were bred as hunting dogs, primarily used for flushing out game birds. Today, they still excel as hunting dogs but also excel in various canine sports and make loving family pets.
American Cocker Spaniels
Temperament: American Cockers are known for their sweet, gentle, and affectionate disposition. They are often described as “merry,” reflecting their cheerful demeanor.
Energy Level: While they have energy to spare, American Cockers are slightly less active than their English counterparts. They still require regular exercise and playtime, but they are more adaptable to apartment living.
Trainability: These dogs are intelligent but may have a touch of stubbornness, requiring consistent and patient training methods.
Socialization: American Cockers are typically friendly and sociable with both people and other pets, making them excellent family dogs.
Purpose: Originally bred for hunting woodcock (hence their name), American Cocker Spaniels are still capable of hunting but have transitioned to primarily being companion animals. Their loving and gentle nature makes them perfect for families and individuals alike.
Key Differences Summarized
- Size: English Cockers are larger, while American Cockers are smaller.
- Coat: English Cockers have a medium-length, silky coat, while American Cockers boast a longer, wavy coat.
- Eyes: English Cockers typically have larger, dark eyes, whereas American Cockers’ eyes come in various colors.
- Ears: Both breeds have long ears, but American Cockers’ ears are set higher and more heavily feathered.
- Tail: The breed standard for both English Cockers and American Cockers calls for a docked tail but we are seeing an increasing number of people who choose leave them with a naturally long, upward-curved, feathered tail.
- Temperament: English Cockers are energetic and intelligent, while American Cockers are sweet and gentle.
- Trainability: English Cockers are generally easier to train due to their eagerness to please.
- Purpose: English Cockers have a hunting background and excel in canine sports, while American Cockers are primarily companion animals.
In conclusion, while English Cocker Spaniels and American Cocker Spaniels may share a common ancestry, their differences in physical characteristics, temperament, and purpose make each breed unique. Understanding these distinctions will help you make an informed decision if you’re considering one of these delightful spaniels as your next furry companion. Whether you’re drawn to the energetic and intelligent English Cocker or the sweet and gentle American Cocker, both breeds have something special to offer as loving members of your family.
For more information on English Cocker Spaniels visit https://englishcocker.org/ or https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/english-cocker-spaniel/
For more information on the American Cocker Spaniel visit https://americanspanielclub.org/about-the-breed/breed-standard/ or https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/cocker-spaniel/